Long-term tillage and residue management effect on soil compaction and nitrate leaching in a Typic Haploxerert soil

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Cukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Adana, Turkey.

2 Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. Tokat, Turkey.

3 Cukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Machinery and Technologies Engineering, 01330 Adana, Turkey.

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to compare the effects of long-term tillage and crop
residue management on some physical properties and nitrate leaching of a Typic Haploxerert
soil under winter wheat (Triticum vulgare L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.) double-cropping
system. The tillage systems consisted of conventional tillage with stubble (CT1), conventional
tillage with stubbles burned (CT2), heavy disc harrow reduced tillage (RT1), rototiller reduced
tillage (RT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc harrow fallowed by no-tillage (RNT) and
no-till (NT). Each tillage method applied at 480 m2 plot and replicated three times in randomly
distributed plots. In the experiment, organic matter content (OM), aggregate stability (AS),
penetration resistance (PR), porosity, bulk density (BD) in 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth and
nitrate concentrations at 90 cm depth were determined. Tillage practices significantly affected
the measured properties at both soil depths. The BD and PR within the conservational managed
plots were higher than under conventional managed plot. Whereas, OM content and AS were
significantly greater under conservational managed plots, indicating improved soil quality.
Soybean yield was not affected by tillage practices. The concentrations of NO3-N leached had
strong variation within sampling dates and significantly different among treatments after the
first and the third irrigation (P˂0.01). The highest average NO3-N (1440.8b±74.9 mg L-1) in
leachate was measured in the CT2 plot while the lowest value (774.8a±56.5 mg L-1) was
obtained in the RT1 plot. The results of this study revealed that reduced tillage and no-till
treatments could significantly improve soil physical quality and reduce NO3-N leaching of
Typic Haploxerert soil in the Çukurova Region

Keywords

International Journal of Plant Production
Volume 11, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
January 2017
Pages 131-149

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