Photoperiod and growing degree days effect on dry matter partitioning in Jerusalem artichoke

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

2 Department of Agricultural &Biosystems Engineering Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.

3 USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, 31793, Georgia, USA.

Abstract

The effect of photoperiod and growing degree days (GDD) on dry matter and
dry matter partitioning in Jerusalem artichoke was investigated during 2008-09 and
2009-10. Three Jerusalem artichoke genotypes (CN-52867, JA-89 and HEL-65)
were planted in 15 day-intervals between with thirteen different dates (September
20 to March 20) atKhon Kaen University,Thailand. Jerusalem artichoke genotypes
responded differently to varying planting dates for harvest index, shoot dry weight,
leaf area, number of tubers and tuber size. Two genotypes, CN-52867 and JA-89,
were significantly more productive on the planting date of 20 September and they
also performed well on planting dates of 5 October to 20 March. Plant grown in
long photoperiod with a higher number of GDD produced shoot dry weight rather
than greater number of harvestable tubers, while short photoperiod induced high
partitioning of assimilates to harvestable tubers. Jerusalem artichoke plants grown
during short photoperiod were smaller and produced larger tubers than those grown
during long photoperiod. Tuber yield was relatively unchanged across planting
dates. SinceJerusalemartichoke during short photoperiod had smaller plants,
growing Jerusalem artichoke at higher plant population with optimum density is
highly recommended to increase tuber yield. The information obtained in this study
is extremely important for Jerusalem artichoke production and breeding in the
tropical agro-climatic conditions such asThailand.

Keywords

International Journal of Plant Production
Volume 7, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
April 2013
Pages 393-416

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