@article { author = {}, title = {Info}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.796}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_796.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_796_c14044827fb7b564320759fefe1f212d.pdf} } @article { author = {Bekhradi, F. and Kashi, A. and Delshad, M.}, title = {Effect of three cucurbits rootstocks on vegetative and yield of 'Charleston Gray' watermelon}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {105-110}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.724}, abstract = {Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (thumb.) Matsum and Nakai] cv. Charleston gray was grafted onto three rootstocks: Cucurbita pepo, Lagenaria siceraria and (Cucurbita maxima x C. moshata). The non grafted watermelon plant was used as control. In this experiment efficiency of two kinds of grafting methods: Tube grafting and Hole insertion grafting and it was found that, Hole insertion grafting gave better survival rate than the other type. The grafted and non grafted plants were transplanted to the filed. The experiment was conducted as a complete randomized block design with four replications, each consisting of ten plants. The results revealed that grafted plants had better vegetative growth than none grafted, control ones. Furthermore, stem length, number of lateral branches, number of internodes and fresh and dry weights of stem and leaves were improved, but grafting had no significant effect on fruit quality and yield. In conclusion it is recommended that grafting procedure in some crops such as watermelons should be done only after assuring the benefits and risks of grafted seedlings.}, keywords = {Rootstock,Scion,Hole insertion grafting,Splice grafting,Lagenaria siceraria,Cucurbita moschata,C. maxima x C. moshata}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_724.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_724_41afbc88b807743ff7f40a14fb919797.pdf} } @article { author = {Akoumianakis, Κ.A. and Karapanos, Ι.C. and Giakoumaki, Μ. and Alexopoulos, A.A. and Passam, H.C.}, title = {Nitrogen, season and cultivar affect radish growth, yield, sponginess and hollowness}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {111-120}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.725}, abstract = {The optimization of nitrogen application for root crops such as radish is important not only for yield and product quality (sponginess and hollowness) but also for the environment. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of four levels of N application (0, 150, 300 and 450 mg l-1 N) on three radish cultivars (Saxa, Red Fuoko and White Ghiaccio) grown in pots in autumn/winter (from mid-October to mid-January) and spring (from mid-February to early May). The number of leaves per plant and mean leaf area increased with N rates of up to 300 mg l-1 in the autumn/winter and 150 mg l-1 in the spring. Mean root fresh weight increased with N application up to 300 mg l-1 (cv. Red Fuoko and White Ghiaccio) or 450 mg l-1 (cv. Saxa) in the autumn/winter crop, but only up to 150 mg N l-1 in the spring crop, irrespective of cultivar, and high N (450 mg l-1) reduced the root weight of cv. White Ghiaccio in both seasons. Increasing N, however, caused a reduction in percent root dry matter and root firmness, even from as low as 150 mg l-1 N. The occurrence of hollowness within the roots was particularly high in White Ghiaccio, followed by Red Fuoko, whereas cv. Saxa was resistant to this defect. Red Fuoko showed a higher percentage of roots with hollow centres with increasing N levels during the winter. We conclude that although N application (up to 300 mg l-1 in the autumn/winter and 150 mg l-1 in the spring) increases yield, it may adversely affect root quality by reducing firmness.}, keywords = {Raphanus sativus,Radish root firmness,Root hollowness,Root sponginess,Nitrogen fertilizer rate}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_725.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_725_8638fa7463ab57a2b9406420511f13f4.pdf} } @article { author = {Khah, E.M. and Katsoulas, N. and Tchamitchian, M. and Kittas, C.}, title = {Effect of grafting on eggplant leaf gas exchanges under mediterranean greenhouse conditions}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {121-134}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.726}, abstract = {Grafting is an easier and faster approach than plant breeding to take advantage of both existing resistant plants, especially wild cultivars, and high-bred cultivars. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in leaf photosynthetic capacity of a hybrid eggplant Solanum melongena L., cv. Rima (R), widely used in Greece] when grafted on tomato rootstocks known for their resistance to nematodes and diseases. For this purpose, a hybrid egg-plant has been used as a control and has been self-grafted (grafting of a scion on its own roots used as rootstock) RR and also as a scion on two hybrid tomatoes rootstocks, as follows: Primavera (RP) and Heman (RH). Leaf photosynthetic capacity was estimated by measuring the leaf gas exchanges under several light levels at ambient CO2 concentration to approximate the leaf light response curve. The measurements performed control plant R and self-grafted eggplants RR show that the leaf respiration per unit leaf area is not altered by the scion/rootstock combination. These elements point out a scion controlled respiration, independent of the rootstock. The leaf photosynthetic capacities of the R and RR treatments were not different, while one of the scion/rootstock combinations (RH) showed a significant change with respect to the control treatments. The rootstock therefore seems to be able to modify the scion leaf photosynthetic capacity, but this may not be true for some scion/rootstock combinations (RP in our case). Leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration were not modified by the grafting, so that the water use efficiency was only altered by the modifications of the net assimilation.}, keywords = {Photosynthesis,Transpiration,Respiration,Scion/rootstock,Grafting,Eggplant tomato}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_726.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_726_e5117f38e6c09e810e9c8a02e64f48d3.pdf} } @article { author = {Huang, Sh. and Ma, Y. and Bao, D. and Guo, D. and Zhang, Sh.}, title = {Manures behave similar to superphosphate in phosphorus accumulation in long-term field soils}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {135-146}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.727}, abstract = {Repeated application of manures to agricultural soils could cause the accumulation of phosphorus (P) in soils. However, it is unclear if manure P can behave similar to P in soluble fertilizers in accumulation Olsen-P (0.5 mol L-1 NaHCO3 at pH 8.5) in soils. A long-term wheat-maize rotation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of repeated application of manures on P accumulation in soils. The results showed that excessive or residual P in soils led to increase of Olsen-P in soils, which could be predicted accurately by initial concentration of Olsen-P in soils, P fertilization rate, crop yield, soil pH and cultivation time. The effects of application of K fertilizers or maize straw to soils or replacement of maize with soybean in wheat cropping systems were not significant on soil Olsen-P accumulation. The accumulation rates of soil Olsen-P were governed by P application rates of soluble P fertilizers and/or manures. Similar trend of Olsen-P accumulation was found in soils with soluble P fertilizers only or plus manures P, which supplied evidence that behaviour of manure P in long-term field soils is similar to inorganic P fertilizers and are helpful for the best management of soil P in agricultural production and environment protection.}, keywords = {Phosphorus,Accumulation,Long-term,soil}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_727.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_727_7a59cdb1113ae7ba3f32c4fbe75bb3d1.pdf} } @article { author = {Shahriari, A. and Khormali, F. and Kehl, M. and Ayoubi, Sh. and Welp, G.}, title = {Effect of a long-term cultivation and crop rotations on organic carbon in loess derived soils of Golestan Province, Northern Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {147-152}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.728}, abstract = {The effects of 34 years cultivation on organic carbon content of the loess derived soils were studied in Golestan province, northern Iran. Soil organic carbon (SOC) showed significant decrease in most of cases. The minimum and maximum SOC decreases were 4 and 51.14 Mg C ha-1/30 cm for 34 years. In a few cases there was an increase in SOC up to 16.93 Mg C ha-1/30 cm over the period of 34 years indicating a favorable management, application of manure, and incorporation of the crop residues. Permanganate-oxidizable carbon (POC) was used to establish the potential loss of SOC, which was estimated between 38.07 and 72.32 Mg C ha-1/30 cm. The (Clay + Silt)/OC ratio had a negative significant (P<0.05) correlation with POC content, confirming the effect of fine particles in conserving of soil organic matter.}, keywords = {Mollisols,Soil organic carbon,Management,Long term cultivation}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_728.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_728_2b9df62e94e9542aead2a212975c0798.pdf} } @article { author = {Abbasi, M.R. and Sepaskhah, A.R.}, title = {Effects of water-saving irrigations on different rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) in field conditions}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {153-166}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.729}, abstract = {A more efficient water use system is needed for agriculture. This is more evidence for rice production with a higher water use for economical production. A large cultivar×water regime interaction exists for grain yield in rice. Therefore, information is required to adopt new rice cultivars with high yield potential under water-saving conditions. The objectives of this study were to analyze the straw yield, grain yield, yield components, water use and water productivity (WP) of five rice cultivars (Anbarboo-22, Ghasroddashti, Cross-Domsiah, Hasani, and Rahmat-Abadi) under water-saving irrigation regimes (intermittent flood irrigation with 1-and 2-day intervals after disappearance of standing water, I-1-D, and I-2-D, respectively) compared with continuous flood irrigation (CFI) to adopt the elite cultivars for these conditions. In general, Anbarboo-22 cultivar totally failed in field trial due to susceptibility to disease in 2005 and 2006. Among the other cultivars, Cross-Domsiah showed the highest grain yield, harvest index, number of panicles per hill and the lowest unfilled grain percentage in two years field experiments. Furthermore, its grain yield was the highest at water-saving irrigation regimes in comparison with the other cultivars, therefore, Cross-Domsiah is the elite cultivar in water-saving irrigation conditions especially with 1-day irrigation interval, however, Ghasroddashti cultivar is recommended in next order for I-1-D treatment. Based on the selected drought indices, Cross-Domsiah was the most drought tolerant cultivar and Ghasroddashti was in the second order. Furthermore, it is concluded that unfilled grain percentage and harvest index are found to be the most suitable traits for selection of rice cultivars with high yield potential.}, keywords = {Grain yield,Harvest index,Rice cultivars,Water productivity,Water supply,Yield component}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_729.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_729_a4ae5650f701156218c2cfdfb0ed30a1.pdf} } @article { author = {Liu, K. and Zhang, Y.H. and Wang, Zh.M. and Feng, H.Y. and Zhou, Sh.L. and Lu, L.Q. and Wang, R.Zh.}, title = {Characteristics of water consumption in water-saving winter wheat and effects on the utilization of subsequent summer rainfall in the North China Plain}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {167-180}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.730}, abstract = {Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grows in dry season but summer maize (Zea mays L.) coincides with rainfall in the North China Plain (NCP). Increasing rainfall use efficiency and harmonizing its utilization between the two species is an effective way to mitigate impact on groundwater deriving from wheat irrigation. One to four times water supply (W1, to W4) were employed in wheat, three water treatments (W1, W2, and W4) in 2007-2008 and four (W1, W2, W3, and W4) in 2008-2009 were established in the field condition, the characteristics of water consumption in wheat and effects on rainfall utilization during subsequent maize were studied. The maximum wheat grain yield and the maximum water use efficiency were observed on the limited water treatment W2. Wheat consumed water mainly came from irrigation and precipitation on excessive water treatments. Limited water supply enhanced water consumption from soil and vacated more water storage space. Compared with W4, the vacated water storage space increased 103-116 mm (W2) and 162-168 mm (W1). The difference of soil water content derived from previous wheat disappeared (P>0.05) around at maize elongation stage because of subsequent summer rainfall, and the rainfall stored in 2 m soil body increased more 83-88 mm (W1), and 69 mm (W2) than the treatment of W4, respectively. Drainage from 2 m soil profile on excessive water treatments (55-61 mm on W4, 9 mm on W3 during wheat growth period, and 36-40 mm on W4, 18 mm on W3 from wheat harvest to maize elongation) was determined but not on limited water treatments. These results indicate that the limited irrigation would be an effective practice for water-saving and high-yielding production of wheat in the NCP.}, keywords = {Winter wheat-Summer maize rotation,Limited water management,Water consumption,Rainfall utilization}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_730.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_730_08360ff5a76ee21d3b9c80959e0ac2db.pdf} } @article { author = {Pan, G. and Ouyang, Zh. and Luo, Q. and Yu, Q. and Wang, J.}, title = {Water use patterns of forage cultivars in the North China Plain}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {181-194}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.731}, abstract = {Water shortage is the primary limiting factor for crop production and long-term agricultural sustainability of the North China Plain. Forage cultivation emerged recently in this region. A fiver-year field experiment studies were conducted at Yucheng Integrated Experiment Station to quantify the water requirement and water use efficiency of seven forage varieties under climate variability, that is five annuals, i.e., ryegrass (Secale cereale L.), triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack), sorghum hybrid sudangrass (Sorghum biolor × Sorghum Sudanense c.v.), ensilage corn (Zea mays L.), prince`s feather (Amaranthus paniculatus L.) and two perennials alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.). Average ET for five annual varieties ranged from 333 to 371 mm, significantly lower than that of the perennial varieties. ET of alfalfa is 789 mm, which is higher than that of cup plant. Ryegrass and triticale need 1.5 to 2.0 mm water per day, while others 2.9-4.4 mm. Ensilage corn and Sorghum hybrid sudangrass performed better as their irrigation demand is smaller in the dry seasons than others. Ryegrass needs 281 mm irrigation requirement, which is higher than triticale in dry years. Prince’s feather is sensitive to climate change and it can be selected when rainfall is greater than 592.9 mm in the growing season. Mean WUE for prince’s feather is 20 Kg ha-1 mm-1, for ensilage corn is 41 Kg ha-1 mm-1 and others is close to 26 Kg ha-1 mm-1. Our experiments indicate that excessive rain will reduce the production of alfalfae. The results of this experiment have implications for researchers and policy makers with water management strategy of forage cultivars and it also very useful in addressing climate change impact and adaptation issues.}, keywords = {Forage cultivars,Evapotranspiration,Irrigation demand,Water use efficiency,Climatic patterns}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_731.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_731_b17459bb66c12d56494d468c0e3e5be2.pdf} } @article { author = {Gholipoor, M. and Sinclair, T.R.}, title = {Historical changes of temperature and vapor pressure deficit during the crop growing season in Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {195-206}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2012.732}, abstract = {Climate change variables have rarely been analyzed specifically for the growing season of crops. In this study, changes in minimum (Tmin) and maximum temperature (Tmax), daily maximum saturated vapor pressure (VPsat) and estimated daily VPD weighted for transpiration (VPDtran) were examined at five locations in Iran over 40 years during the growing seasons of chickpea and maize. The results of this analysis showed a general trend of increasing Tmax. The increase in Tmax was especially pronounced during the period when maize is grown. Increasing Tmax resulted in the calculation of increasing VPsat at all locations. Minimum temperature also showed a clear increase at four of the five locations. The one exception in increasing Tmin was a location (Isfahan) leeward of the Zagros mountains where the air may be dried as it traverses the mountain, likely resulting in the observed stability of the dew point at this location. City growth encroached in the vicinity of the weather stations so some of the warming might be attributed to the expansion of city boundaries. At the four locations where both Tmax and Tmin increased, no increase in VPDtran was identified. Therefore, no increasing trend for increasing water requirement by the crops was identified. On the other hand, the lack of an increase in Tmin at Isfahan resulted in an increase in atmospheric VPDtran. The increased VPDtran results in higher water requirement in growing crops. Using the genotypes with breakpoint in their transpiration rate at high VPD might alleviate the deleterious effect of high VPDtran on growth of rainfed crops at Isfahan.}, keywords = {Chickpea,Climate Change,maize,Maximum temperature,Minimum temperature,Vapor pressure deficit}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_732.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_732_7dc2bc45b7862c7eb264001674cc8fb7.pdf} }