ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hay yield and quality of oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes of worldwide origin
Oat (Avena sativa L.) traditionally has been a major crop for feed and forage in Turkey. Theobjective of this research was to study hay yield and quality of oat genotypes harvested at thelate milk stage. One hundred oat varieties of worldwide origin were compared in fieldexperiments in Samsun (northern Turkey) over two growing seasons (2007-2008 and 2008-2009).Significant differences between the tested oat varieties were observed for the plant height, hayyield, crude protein (CP), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), totaldigestible nutrients (TDN), relative feed value (RFV) and macro minerals (Ca, K, P and Mg).Plant height varied from 76.2 to 141.2 cm, hay yield from 6.03 to 11.83 t ha-1, crude proteinfrom 58.8 to 136.4 g kg-1 dry matter (DM), acid detergent fibre from 333.2 to 424.8 g kg-1 DMand neutral detergent fibre from 522.5 to 652.4 g kg-1 DM. The TDN ranged from 465.1 to583.3 g kg-1 and relative feed value from 80.9 to 112%. Cluster analysis grouped the 100genotypes within 7 clusters, each of which having 17, 21, 13, 12, 20, 12 and 5 genotypes. Sisko,Akiyutaka, Longchamp, Sanova, Flämingslord, Matra and Revisor were identified as the highhay yield potential genotypes. However, quality traits of these genotypes were lower than someof other genotypes. Furthermore, while some macro minerals were insufficient, others were inexcess regarding healthy feeding. Hence, some form of commercial mineral supplement wouldbe required to oat-based ration or oat should be grown in mixtures with legumes for feedingproductive livestock.
https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_2460_97a9b0d0a58060f86089d7b61da87cb1.pdf
2015-10-01
507
522
10.22069/ijpp.2015.2460
Oat genotypes
Hay yield
Hay quality
Mineral content
Z.
Mut
zeki.mut@bozok.edu.tr
1
Bozok University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Department of Field Crops, Yozgat, 66100, Turkey. b
LEAD_AUTHOR
H.
Akay
2
Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Samsun, 55130, Turkey.
AUTHOR
Ö.D.
Erbaş
3
Bozok University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Department of Field Crops, Yozgat, 66100, Turkey.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Resource use efficiency of transgenic cotton and peanut intercropping system using modified fertilization technique
Of the several mechanisms that can bring about efficient resource use, the most widelyapplicable one is intercropping systems that can make better use of resources. The aim of thisstudy was to evaluate resource capture and resource use efficiency in transgenic cotton-peanutintercropping system and in their respective sole crops with using 25-50% substitution ofrecommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) of cotton through farmyard manure (FYM) along with100 % RDN through urea and control (0N). Apparent crop water productivity, nutrient useefficiency, economic returns and modern intercropping indices (system productivity index,actual yield loss, intercropping advantage index, nitrogen stress factor, etc.) were measured formaking better understanding of resource use efficiency. Comparisons of intercropped peanutwith sole peanut were emphasized because of shrinking area of peanut in the south-east Asianregion represents a threat to agricultural system sustainability. Cotton + peanut intercroppingsystem resulted in improved water productivity (19%), nutrient use efficiency (15-20%) andmonetary advantage index (16,709) as measured with modern tools of intercropping indicescompared with sole crops of cotton and peanut. Peanut cultivated as sole crop attained the leastresource productivity in terms of apparent crop water productivity (0.71 kg m-3), nutrient useefficiency (4.47 kg grain kg N-1) and total factor productivity (0.07). Among fertility levels,substitution of 25% RDN of cotton through FYM maintained higher apparent crop waterproductivity (17%), monetary advantage index (6%), system productivity index (9%) andnutrient use efficiencies (15-17%) over 100% RDN through urea only. This work provides basisfor efficient resource use by peanut intercropping with cotton which simultaneously enhancesdomestic oilseed production and reduce import load of cooking oil without sacrificing theproductivity of main crop of cotton in India and other cotton growing countries of the world.
https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_2461_450f14b7407e8c423f1762deb1d5bd10.pdf
2015-10-01
523
540
10.22069/ijpp.2015.2461
Bt-cotton
Intercropping indices
Nitrogen
Peanut
Resource use efficiencies
R.J.
Singh
rdxsingh@gmail.com
1
Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 1100 12, India. ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248 195, India.
LEAD_AUTHOR
I.P.S.
Ahlawat
2
Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 1100 12, India.
AUTHOR
N.K.
Sharma
3
ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248 195, India.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Physiological traits related to drought tolerance in Brassica
Physiological basis of genetic variability in drought response and its association with yieldand related indices is not clear in Brassica. In this study 36 accessions belonged to sevenspecies of Brassica were evaluated under normal, moderate and severe stress environments.Physiological traits along with seed yield, seed yield components, oil content and two selectionindices (stress tolerance index, STI and drought susceptibility index, DSI) were studied.Moderate and intense stress caused reduction in seed yield and the most studied traits. Based onthe STI, B. carinata and B. juncea were identified as the superior species in moderate stresscondition while B. oleracea was the most tolerant under intense stress. Moderate drought stresssignificantly increased the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b (Chla/Chlb) while severe stressdecreased it. Although relative water content (RWC) had positive correlation with STI, itsheritability was low. Chlorophyll content (TChl) was associated with STI and had moderateheritability. Positive correlation was found between proline content and DSI under both stressconditions. Results showed large variation is among studied species for drought tolerance andrelated traits indicating that selection in this germplasm would be useful. Changes inchlorophyll content can be recognized as a key component affecting drought tolerance inBrassica.
https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_2462_3e9315f71b58b68598a5b33fdd188672.pdf
2015-10-01
541
559
10.22069/ijpp.2015.2462
Brassica
Moisture stress
chlorophyll content
Leaf praline
Genetic association
M.M.
Majidi
majidi@cc.iut.ac.ir
1
Associate Professor of Genetic and Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-8311, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
F.
Rashidi
2
Former MSc Student of Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-8311, Iran.
AUTHOR
Y.
Sharafi
3
Former MSc Student of Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-8311, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mapping soybean physiology research based on the web of science
The aim of this paper was to map the scientific research on soybean physiology by usingbibliographic review and analyses of papers indexed up to July 31, 2014 in the web of sciencedatabase. A total of 1682 non-redundant bibliographic records were curated. The soybeanphysiology research experienced two major periods. The first period was from 1943 when thefirst soybean paper was published to 1989 during which a small and gradual increase took placewith no more than 12 annual publications. The second period being from 1990 to present, saw asubstantial increase in annual publications ranging from 35 to 92 per year. Authors representinga total of 76 countries were involved in soybean physiology research. Drs. T.R. Sinclair andDr. D.B. Egli were the most productive authors while the USDA/ARS, University of Illinoisand Iowa State University published the most influential articles. The most productive journalswere the Journals of Crop Science, Plant Physiology, Plant and Soil, Field Crops Research themost research subject categories were nitrogen fixation, photosynthesis, growth, mineralnutrition, genotypes, drought stress, yield and quality. Gene expression for quality and yieldunder drought stress has become a favored topic for soybean physiology. Eight out of the topten productive institutions were located in the USA. The USA exceeded all other countries withthe most independent and collaborative papers on soybean physiology research. The status ofpublications on soybean physiology described here may serve as a tool for guiding researchersin their future work.
https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_2463_0cff975a508164fd8ac9c4a181d4328d.pdf
2015-10-01
561
579
10.22069/ijpp.2015.2463
Soybean physiology
Bibliometrics analysis
History
Geographic distribution
Popular issues
X.B.
Liu
liuxb@iga.ac.cn
1
Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China.
LEAD_AUTHOR
C.L.
Sheng
shengchunlei@iga.ac.cn
2
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China.
LEAD_AUTHOR
S.J.
Herbert
3
Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
AUTHOR
K.L.
Chin
4
Southern University Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, USA.
AUTHOR
Y.
Qi
5
Southern University Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, USA.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impacts of urbanization on net primary productivity in the Pearl River Delta, China
Great changes in land use/land cover from rapid urbanization have occurred in the PearlRiver Delta, China. As the primary cause of land development in the urbanization process,urban expansion has mostly occurred on land with higher NPP, significantly impacting theregional ecosystems. The primary purpose of this study was to reveal the impacts of urbanexpansion on the regional NPP. The land cover datasets and three types of urban lands (urban,peri-urban and non-urban areas) were obtained to quantify the urban expansion of the PearlRiver Delta from 2000 to 2010. The Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach (CASA) model wasdriven by the land cover types, NDVI data and climate data to calculate the NPP for the studyarea and analyze its spatial-temporal variations, as well as the impacts on NPP from urbanexpansion. The results showed: cropland and forest with higher NPP values and wetland werethe major source of urban expansion, which generally reduced the regional NPP values,primarily by replacing vegetation with urban land. The conversion of land to urban use resultedin a reduction of 0.103TgC from 2000 to 2005 and 0.034TgC from 2005 to 2010, cropland andforest accounted for the largest proportion of the total NPP losses. In spatial distribution, theNPP losses occurring in urban and peri-urban areas accounted for 89.63% and 75.04%,respectively, which was primarily a result of the massive vegetation with high productivitybeing replaced with impervious surfaces during the rapid urbanization process. These resultsprovided an indicator to understand and evaluate ecosystem changes in urban regions.
https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_2464_a28b9e62747a6b8ea120c76075f40713.pdf
2015-10-01
581
598
10.22069/ijpp.2015.2464
NPP loss
Urbanization
Urban expansion
CASA model
Pearl River Delta
C.
Jiang
1
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
AUTHOR
Z.F.
Wu
gzuwzf@163.com
2
School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
LEAD_AUTHOR
J.
Cheng
3
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
AUTHOR
Q.
Yu
Qiang.Yu@uts.edu.au
4
School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
AUTHOR
X.Q.
Rao
5
Key Laboratory of vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Responses of inulin content and inulin yield of Jerusalem artichoke to seasonal environments
Seasonal variation (e.g. temperature and photoperiod) between growing seasons might affectinulin content and inulin yield of Jerusalem artichoke. However, there is limited information ongenotypic response to seasons for inulin content and inulin yield. The objective of this studywas to investigate the variability in genotypic response to seasons for inulin content and inulinyield of Jerusalem artichoke. Field experiments were conducted during the early-rainy seasonfrom June to September 2011 and the post-rainy season from September to December in 2011and these 2 seasons were repeated in 2012 at the Field Crop Research Station of Khon KaenUniversity. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 5 replications was used. FourJerusalem artichoke genotypes were studied during both seasons in each year. Data wererecorded for brix value, inulin content, tuber yield, inulin yield, biomass and harvest index atharvest. The results revealed that seasonal variations had significant effects on inulin content,inulin yield, tuber yield, biomass and harvest index but not on brix value. The results indicatedthat growing Jerusalem artichoke in the early-rainy season with high temperature and longphotoperiod resulted in greater inulin content and biomass. In contrast, growing Jerusalemartichoke in the post-rainy season with low temperature and short photoperiod resulted ingreater tuber yield and inulin yield. The present study revealed that temperature and photoperiodwere important for producing tuber yield and inulin yield. This information can be used to selectthe appropriate growing seasons for sustainable production of inulin content, inulin yield andtuber yield of Jerusalem artichoke in Thailand.
https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_2465_7be56e8baf9f8fbb1109571ce041f973.pdf
2015-10-01
599
608
10.22069/ijpp.2015.2465
Sunchoke
Growing season
Temperature
Photoperiod
Tuber yield
Fructan
D.
Puangbut
1
Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
AUTHOR
S.
Jogloy
sjogloy@gmail.com
2
Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
LEAD_AUTHOR
N.
Vorasoot
3
Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
AUTHOR
C.C.
Holbrook
4
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, Georgia, USA.
AUTHOR
A.
Patanothai
aran@kku.ac.th
5
Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Modification of a maize simulation model under different water, nitrogen and salinity levels
Irrigation, salinity and nitrogen (N) are the three major limiting environmental factors inmaize yield potentials especially in arid and semi-arid regions. An integrated water and N MaizeSimulation Model (MSM) was modified for salinity conditions using 2009-2010 fieldexperiments data in southwest of Iran. Irrigation levels were: I1=1.0ETc+0.25ETc as normalleaching amount, I2=0.75I1 and I3=0.5I1, salinity of irrigation water: S1=0.6, S2=2.0 and S3=4.0dS m-1 and N fertilizer rate: N1=0, N2=150 and N3=300 kg N ha-1. Data of the first and secondyear were used to calibrate and validate the modified model, respectively. The MSM model wasmodified by including the combined effects of water and salt stresses using different wateruptake functions. Furthermore, N uptake via mass flow process was also modified. By thismodification, the soil salinity was also estimated by the model. Calibration/validation resultsshowed that the water uptake function of Homaee and Feddes led to a better estimation of allparameters than those obtained by other water uptake functions. Based on the NRMSE and dindices, the modified MSM model presented a very good to fair estimation of soil water content,salinity and N, evaporation, transpiration, evapotranspiration, leaf area index, total dray matter,N uptake and grain yield. Besides, under saline irrigation water there was much higher risk tothe groundwater contamination by nitrate leaching.
https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_2466_69fd7350c69ad10590018bf0ee904494.pdf
2015-10-01
609
632
10.22069/ijpp.2015.2466
Deficit irrigation
Nitrogen uptake
Nitrate leaching
MSM model
Water uptake models
A.
Azizian
aazizian@ardakan.ac.ir
1
Irrigation Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I.R. of Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.R.
Sepaskhah
sepas@shimzu.ac.ir
2
Irrigation Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I.R. of Iran
AUTHOR
Sh.
Zand-Parsa
3
Irrigation Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I.R. of Iran
AUTHOR