@article { author = {}, title = {INFO}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2015.1863}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1863.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1863_1b82c7867e27138c9e4c34778e628be7.pdf} } @article { author = {Mirzaiian, A. and Pahlevani, M. and Soltanloo, H. and Razavi, S.E.}, title = {Improving field establishment of safflower in soils infected by Phytophthora drechsleri and Pythium ultimum}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {1-16}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2013.1862}, abstract = {One of the major field constraints to seed production in safflower has proven tobe soil born pathogens, Phytophthora drechsleri and Pythium ultimum. In order toevaluate the efficiency of a field-laboratory selection method to improve resistanceof safflower against soil born pathogens, Ph. drechsleri and P. ultimum, a two-yearinvestigation was conducted. The results showed that selection is an efficientmethod for increasing resistance to seed and seedling death caused byPhytophthora and Pythium in safflower. Selection could have improvedgermination percent, days to 50% germination, percent of undamaged seedlingsand index of disease percent when genotypes were faced with both pathogens.Regarding kind of damages, Pythium caused more seed rot and Phytophthorainduced more seedling death. It could be concluded that selection for resistance toPythium, could also increase resistance to Phytophthora. Safflower was, however,more susceptible to Phytophthora than Pythium. Also, genes for resistance to seedrot are different than those controlling resistance to seedling death, so preemergencedamping off should be considered a completely independent trait frompost-emergence damping off in safflower. It was concluded that used fieldlaboratoryselection method could well improve resistance of safflower topathogens Phytophthora and Pythium and hence seed yield.}, keywords = {Generation,Additive effects,Fungus,Susceptibility}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1862.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1862_78fce4270817c22a047b0bd27f72b5c6.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghotbizadeh, M. and Sepaskhah, A.R.}, title = {Effect of irrigation interval and water salinity on growth of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides)}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {17-38}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2015.1864}, abstract = {The purpose of the present study was to investigate the limits of irrigationwater salinity and soil water content for growth inhibition of vetiver. Moreover,different models were studied to describe the root water uptake and plant topgrowth under salinity and water stresses in a pot experiment. Irrigation treatmentsconsisted of three irrigation intervals (3, 6 and 9-day). The salinity levels of theirrigation water were 0.8 (tap water), 10, 20 and 30 dS m-1. It is concluded that byenforcing salinity and increasing its level up to 30 dS m-1, no significant declinein the top dry matter (TDM) has been observed. However, in the salinity level of30 dS m-1 increasing of soil water stress caused TDM to decrease. The maximumamount of leaf area index (LAI) was observed at water salinity level of 0.8 dS m-1and as the salinity increased, it decreased. However, at different water salinitylevels, the reduction of LAI was not significant. Moreover, the results showedthat the water stress did not have significant effects on reduction of LAIseparately, while the water salinity did. The thresholds of water salinity andirrigation intervals for affecting vetiver's root were between 20 and 30 dS m-1 and6 days (80% soil available water depletion), respectively. Moreover, thethreshold values of soil salinity were 13.8 dS m-1 for top and 19.4 dS m-1 for rootgrowth. Then, it can be concluded that the top growth is more sensitive to thewater salinity, than the root one. Therefore, in terms of economic, if using root ismore substantial, root production would be more beneficial. The growthreduction per unit increase in soil salinity for top growth and root growth are 2%and 3% per dS m-1, respectively. Therefore, top and root growth affectedsimilarly by increasing the soil salinity. Relative yield response factor to waterstress was 0.472 that showed the vetiver resistance to soil water stress. It is "> indicated that the root water uptake coefficient (α) was predicted accurately afterconsidering the results and comparing different models. Furthermore, theestimated values of α predicted the shoot dry weight accurately. However,Homaee and Feddes method is preferred for estimation of TDM}, keywords = {Vetiver deficit irrigation,Irrigation salinity,Vetiver yield modeling,Root-water uptake coefficient}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1864.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1864_772834dd08cdc67608653761b4947e27.pdf} } @article { author = {Giancotti, P.R.F. and Nepomuceno, M.P. and Alves, P.L.C.A. and Yamauti, M.S.}, title = {Ideal desiccation periods of Urochloa ruziziensis for a no-till sunflower crop}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {39-50}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2015.1865}, abstract = {> Sowing crops following cover crops on forage may cause injuries andproductivity reduction, due reasons as allelopathy or glyphosate residues. Theobjective of this study was to evaluate the influence of differing periods betweencover crop (Urochloa ruziziensis) desiccation with glyphosate and sunflower(Aguará 4) sowing in a no-tillage system on crop development and productivity.Two assays were performed in two seasons, one in pots and the other in a field.Treatments in field assay consisted on 5 desiccation times of U. ruziziensis (with anapplication of glyphosate at 1.08 kg ae ha-1) preceding the sowing of no-tillsunflower (0, 3, 7, 10 and 30 days). At the pot assays, 6 times were studied: 0, 3, 7,10, 15 and 20 days between cover crop desiccation and sunflower sowing. Acontrol without cover crop was also included in this assay. Biometric evaluationswere performed at the vegetative stage and at harvest. As the period betweenU. ruziziensis desiccation and sunflower sowing was shortened, achene productionin sunflower was exponentially reduced. Glyphosate application at 3 or 0 dayspre sowing diminished sunflower development and achene production byapproximately 30% compared to desiccation periods greater than 7 days.}, keywords = {Glyphosate,Allelopathy,Cover crop}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1865.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1865_b15034bd6c3fc30da8a11175fa602491.pdf} } @article { author = {Amaral, T.A. and Andrade, C.L.T. and Hoogenboom, G. and Silva, D.F. and Garcia y Garcia, A. and Noce, M.A.}, title = {Nitrogen management strategies for maize production systems: Experimental data and crop modeling}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {51-74}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2015.1866}, abstract = {Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important crop among Brazilian smallholder farmers,who are also responsible for 40% of the poultry and egg production in the country.Although poultry litter is considered a potential pollutant, if properly stabilized anddistributed in the field it can be used as a source of nitrogen for maize production.In this study, the response of maize to mineral fertilizer and poultry litter as sourceof nitrogen was evaluated and the results were then used to parameterize a processbased model. For both sources of nitrogen used in the second trial the averageobserved yield was higher than the average yield obtained by farmers during thepreceding years, indicating that there is a potential for improvement of maize yieldin the region. A rate of 195 kg ha-1 of nitrogen as poultry litter provided a slightlyhigher yield than a rate of 145 kg ha-1 of nitrogen as mineral fertilizer. Afteradjustments in the CSM-CERES-Maize cultivar-specific coefficients the modelsatisfactorily simulated maize anthesis, physiological maturity and yield. Poultrylitter has the potential to be an alternative source of nitrogen for maize productionin smallholder farms. The CSM-CERES-Maize model properly simulated maizegrowth, development and yield for both, mineral fertilizer and poultry litter sourcesof nitrogen.}, keywords = {Family-farming,Organic fertilizer,crop modeling,DSSAT,Zea mays L}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1866.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1866_9a60cba8021e48836b7b038db60388c7.pdf} } @article { author = {Amaral, T.A. and Andrade, C.L.T. and Duarte, J.O. and Garcia, J.C. and Garcia y Garcia, A. and Silva, D.F. and Albernaz, W.M. and Hoogenboom, G.}, title = {Nitrogen management strategies for smallholder maize production systems: Yield and profitability variability}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {75-98}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2015.1867}, abstract = {Maize (Zea mays L.) production requires large amounts of nitrogen (N) thatdirectly affect production cost. Poultry litter can be used as an alternative source ofN. To optimize its use, poultry litter requires technical and economic feasibilityanalyses. Crop simulation models have proven to be efficient tools to support thistype of research. The objectives of this study were to determine yield and net returnof maize production fertilized with both mineral fertilizer and poultry litter. Highinter-annual variation was observed in simulated yield for all fertilization strategiesevaluated. The higher the mineral N rate, the higher the yield. Among the treatmentsfertilized with poultry litter the highest yield was obtained with a rate equivalent to240 kg ha-1 of N. The trend of the economic net return for the different rates ofmineral fertilizers was in the opposite direction of the trend in yield, i.e., the higherthe rate of mineral fertilizer, the lower the economic return. Among the poultry litterfertilization strategies, the average economic net return increased up to a rateequivalent to 210 kg ha-1 of N, decreasing for higher rates. Poultry litter ratesequivalent to 120 to 300 kg ha-1 of N, economically exceeded all the mineralfertilization strategies that were evaluated. Among all sources and rates, the highestnet return was obtained for a rate of 210 kg ha-1 of N as poultry litter. Higher ratesprovided a lower net return and increased the likelihood of nitrate leaching.}, keywords = {Poultry litter,crop modeling,DSSAT,Fertilizer management,Zea mays L,Economic analysis}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1867.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1867_50dfd0ddd77e5849e72b982e43ca8241.pdf} } @article { author = {Anastasi, U. and Sortino, O. and Cosentino, S.L. and Patanè, C.}, title = {Seed yield and oil quality of perennial castor bean in a Mediterranean environment}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {99-116}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2015.1871}, abstract = {ewline"> Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is an oilseed species, which in southern Italy iscultivated as annual during the spring-summer period under irrigation, but in mosttemperate areas such as those of eastern coast of Sicily, it could be grown as semiperennial with no irrigation, by the adoption of autumnal sowings. A fieldexperiment was conducted in southeastern Sicily with the aim of assessing plantsurviving, seed yield and oil quality of four castor genotypes originating fromdifferent geographical areas (two Sicilian, one Tunisian and one Brazilian). Thefavorable climatic conditions allowed the plant to survive during the fall-winterperiod. Seed yield reached 3.45 t ha-1 on average of the two years and seed oilcontent ranged from 45% (Tunisian cultivar) to 48% (‘Local RG 2’ Siciliangenotype). Oil yield reflected the variation in seed yield. Genetic diversity for fattyacid composition and saponification number, iodine value and cetane number wasevidenced. When ricinoleic acid is not taken into account, the oil of all genotypessatisfied the EU standards for biodiesel. The ricinoleic acid was the lowest (79%)in the Sicilian ‘Local RG 2’ and the highest (89%) in the Tunisian one, revealing agreater suitability of oil of the first genotype for biodiesel. In turn, the oil ofTunisian genotype could be exploited in other bio-based industrial sectors. Thestudy also demonstrated that in the southeastern coast of Sicily autumnal sowingsmight be advantageous for castor grown as semi-perennial crop, mainly since theyallow saving irrigation water.}, keywords = {Ricinus communis L,Wild germplasm,Autumnal sowing,Yield,Oil quality,Biodiesel}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1871.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1871_3e1b815d11069aac7ed778feb2332669.pdf} } @article { author = {Bishaw, Z. and Struik, P.C. and G van Gastel, A.J.}, title = {Wheat and barley seed system in Syria: How diverse are wheat and barley varieties and landraces from farmer’s fields?}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {117-150}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2015.1869}, abstract = {"> The present study described the diversity of wheat and barley varieties andlandraces available in farmer’s fields in Syria using different indicators. Analysisof spatial and temporal diversity and coefficient of parentage along withmeasurements of agronomic and morphological traits were employed to explain thediversity of wheat and barley varieties or landraces grown by farmers in Syria.Farm level surveys showed low spatial diversity of wheat and barley where only afew dominant varieties occupied a large proportion of wheat and barley areas. Thefive top wheat varieties (ACSAD 65, Cham 1, Cham3, Lahan and Cham 6)occupied 81% of the wheat area and were grown by 78% of the sample farmers. Incase of barley one single landrace was grown in almost the entire survey area innorth eastern Syria. The weighted average age of wheat varieties was highest withan average of 10.8 years showing low temporal diversity by farmers. In Syria breadwheat showed lower average diversity and weighted diversity than durum wheat.Variance component analysis showed significant variations for desirableagronomic characters such as plant height, grain yield and yield components(kernels per spike-1, seed weight) among wheat and barley varieties and landraces.The principal component analysis explained the variations that existed amongmodern varieties and landraces. Cluster analysis based on agronomic andmorphological traits grouped the modern varieties and landraces into separateclusters. The variation that existed among the landraces showed broadopportunities for using in plant breeding programs to develop varieties suitable for different agro-ecological zones. To date large areas previously grown to traditionalvarieties and landraces are now increasingly replaced by contiguous expanse ofland planted to uniform modern bread and durum wheat varieties and are grown bylarge number of farmers. Apart from the landraces, the wild relatives andprogenitors of both wheat and barley are being threatened by extinction in thecenter of origin.}, keywords = {Syria,barley,Wheat,genetic diversity,Spatial diversity,Temporal diversity,Coefficient of parentage}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1869.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1869_7566ee7383c5043e17e45f7c4afbaf1f.pdf} } @article { author = {Naresh Kumar, S. and Govindakrishnan, P.M. and Swarooparani, D.N. and Nitin, Ch. and Surabhi, J. and Aggarwal, P.K.}, title = {Assessment of impact of climate change on potato and potential adaptation gains in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India}, journal = {International Journal of Plant Production}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {151-170}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences}, issn = {1735-6814}, eissn = {1735-8043}, doi = {10.22069/ijpp.2015.1870}, abstract = {India is the second largest producer of potato in the world. The Indo-Gangeticplains (IGP) is the main potato growing region accounting for almost 85% of the1.8 Mha under the crop in India where it is grown as an irrigated crop during thewinter season. Since IGP is in sub-tropical plains, duration of the thermally suitablewindow is the main determinant limiting yields. Hence the impact of climatechange on potato in the IGP was assessed using MIROC HI.3.2 A1b and B1,PRECIS A1b, A2, B2 scenarios and estimated the potential adaptation gains. Thepotato crop duration in the IGP is projected to decrease due to climate change. Theevapotranspiration (ET) is projected to increase while the water use efficiency(WUE) for potato yield is projected to decline in future climates as a consequenceof low threshold temperatures for decline in WUE and yield than the ET. Resultsindicate that the upper threshold for ET decrease is ~23 oC while that for WUE is15 oC. The optimal temperatures for tuber yield is ~17 oC and thus the reduction inWUE in future climates is discernable. Climate change is projected to reducepotato yields by ~2.5, ~6 and ~11% in the IGP region in 2020 (2010-2039), 2050(2040-2069) and 2080 (2070-2099) time periods. Change in planting time is thesingle most important adaptation option which may lead to yield gains by ~6% in2020 and its combination with improved variety or additional nitrogen may be required to adapt to climate change leading to positive gains by ~8% in 2020 andby ~5% even in 2050. However, in 2080 adoption of all the three adaptationstrategies may be needed for positive gains. Intra-regional differences in the impactof climate change and adaptation gains are projected; positive impact in northwestern IGP, gains in Central IGP with adaptation and yield loss in eastern IGPeven with adaptation.}, keywords = {Indo-Gangetic plains,potato,Climate Change,InfoCrop,Crop modelling}, url = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1870.html}, eprint = {https://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1870_80d01fa75da06a0a4de668b4e62f1f4d.pdf} }